The Investigation of the Effect of a-Tomatine as a Novel Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitor on the Bond Strength of Sound and Eroded Dentine through In Vitro and In Silico Methods

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Ucuncu M. K., Ortaakarsu A. B., BATU Ş., YILDIZ E.

Applied Sciences (Switzerland), cilt.13, sa.18, 2023 (SCI-Expanded) identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 13 Sayı: 18
  • Basım Tarihi: 2023
  • Doi Numarası: 10.3390/app131810322
  • Dergi Adı: Applied Sciences (Switzerland)
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Aerospace Database, Agricultural & Environmental Science Database, Applied Science & Technology Source, Communication Abstracts, INSPEC, Metadex, Directory of Open Access Journals, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: a-tomatine, adhesion, chlorhexidine, eroded dentin, matrix metalloproteinase, molecular docking
  • İstanbul Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

This study aims to examine the effect of a-tomatine, a new matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor for dentistry, as a surface pretreatment on the bonding strength of different types of dentine via in vitro and in silico methods. The binding efficacy of both a-tomatine and chlorhexidine to MMP-2, 8, and 9 was evaluated through molecular docking and dynamics analyses. For microtensile testing (µTBS), specimens (n = 84) were categorized into two groups based on the type of dentin: sound (SD) and eroded (ED) (n = 42). Each group was further divided into three subgroups according to the utilization of surface pretreatment agents (1.5 µM of tomatine, 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), and the control). Composite buildups were gradually created via a three-step etch-and-rinse technique. The specimens were sectioned into sticks and subsequently subjected to µTBS after aging for either 24 h (n = 7) or 6 months (n = 7). The data were subjected to analysis using two-way ANOVA with a Bonferroni correction post hoc test. The significance level was evaluated at a minimum of p < 0.05. According to molecular docking and dynamic simulation analyses, a-tomatine exhibits a higher affinity for MMP-2, -8, and -9 enzymes compared to chlorhexidine. Lower µTBS values were observed in all ED groups compared to the SD groups. Following 24-h aging, the CHX application in both the SD and ED groups achieved lower µTBS values compared to the control group (p < 0.01 and p > 0.05, respectively). The most favorable results were consistently achieved across all the subgroups subjected to a-tomatine applications (p < 0.05). a-tomatine is a more effective MMP inhibitor than chlorhexidine in terms of preserving bond strength values over time and its capacity to bind to MMP-2,8, and 9 for inhibition.